Abstract We used seed rain to monitor a conserved forest and a 5-6-year-old forest undergoing natural regeneration after fire. The sampled species were classified according to regionality, life forms, dispersal modes, and successional stage, and the forests were compared. The type of forest and time since disturbance had significant effect on the abundance of seeds - 67.3% being produced in the forest under restoration. Biological diversity was higher in the conserved forest. On the other hand, species richness was not affected by the type of forest, and the species composition was similar between forests. In addition, we found similar proportions of life forms, zoochorous species, and non-pioneer species in the forests. Our study shows that natural regenerating forests can recover different attributes of the seed rain in few years when in forest matrices. Thus, to accelerate restoration and create trustworthy forests we should conserve the remaining mature fragments and use them to facilitate ecological restoration.

Abstract In this study, a ground anchored wall located in Belo Horizonte containing 295 anchorages in a sandy silt soil was analyzed. The load capacity of all the anchors was calculated by extrapolation of the receipt tests by the Van der Veen method through the CsAGeo web application. The shear strength in the soil-anchor interface was obtained from a semi-empirical method. Two criteria to analyze the extrapolated curves of Van der Veen were used. In the first criteria, the shear strengths of all the extrapolated curves were calculated. In the second criteria, only those curves from the extrapolations considered as reliable were used to calculate the shear strengths. The main objective of this work is to set up the value of shear strength at the soil-anchor interface through extrapolation of the mathematical and semi-empirical methods. The semi-empirical method was carried out in soil and executive methodology equal to the work analysed, which increases the accuracy of these values contributing to containments using anchors. The results were grouped according to the ranges of the penetration resistance (NSPT). An increasing tendency was identified in the shear strength as the value of the resistance to penetration increased. In addition, the linear tendency was observed for the reliable curves.